200    ex . . . subiere: "Ex merito" is an ablative of cause, indicating why

          the penalties were deserved. "Poenas subiere," a perfect active                indicative, shows the completed action of undergoing penalties.

202    Gorgone . . . oborto: "Gorgone conspecta" is an ablative absolute,            explaining the cause of the transformation. "Concrevit" highlights              the suddenness of the transformation to stone.

204    ense . . . acutis: "Ense ferit" is an ablative of means; "struck with a            sword," showing Astyages' futile attempt. "Sonuit tinnitibus," an                  onomatopoeia (particularly in "tinnitibus"), the sound of the                        sword's impact emphasizes the action. This is also alliteration, as              the repetition of the 't' sound mimics the sharp sound of the sword.

206    marmoreoque . . . ore: "Marmoreoque," or "marble-like," describes            the permanence of the transformation. The imagery of a face                    frozen in amazement enhances the visual impact.

207    Nomina . . . virorum: "Longa mora est, an impersonal construction,            indicating it would take too long to name everyone. This line                      suggests the large number of unnamed victims.

209    Gorgone . . . visa: "Riguerunt," or "stiffened," vividly conveys the                sudden petrification. The repetition of "bis centum", an anaphora,              emphasizes the vast number of victims.

210    Paenitet . . . belli: "Paenitet" a verb of feeling, indicates Phineus's              regret. "Iniusti belli," a genitive of cause, shows the unjust nature              of the conflict.

211    Simulacra . . . figuris: "Diversa figuris," an ablative of description,              indicates the varied forms of the petrified figures. This line                        highlights the chaotic and tragic outcome of the battle.

214    marmor erant: "They were marble," a stark realization of the                        petrification.   

215    supplex . . . tendens: "Supplex confessasque manus," an                          accusative with present participle, "stretching out supple hands,"              suggesting a gesture of surrender. "Obliquaque bracchia"                          indicates a plea for mercy.

216    remove . . . vultus: "Tua monstra," or "your monstrous," referring to              the Gorgon's power. "Saxificos vultus," or "petrifying face," a vivid              description of Medusa's deadly gaze.

222    . . . praeter hanc animam: Phineus expresses regret, begging for              his life. "Praeter hanc animam," or "except this soul," shows his                  final plea for mercy.

227    quin . . . aevum: "Mansura dabo monimenta" or "I will give                          enduring moments," indicates Perseus's promise of eternal                        remembrance, or so it seems. The promise of eternal monuments            contrasts with Phineus' fear of the fleeting nature of his own                      human life.

232    Tum . . . deriguit: "Conanti sua vertere lumina," a dative of                          reference with the infinitive "to turn his own eyes." The use of                      "lumina" (literally: light) instead of "oculus" to poetically represent              eyes brings to mind the idea of his soul, or his light, leaving his                body as he turns to stone.

233    saxoque . . .umor: "The moisture of his eyes hardened into stone,"            vividly depicts the petrification process, once again bringing                    attention to the eyes to represent his death/petrification.